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The St. Joseph Historic Neighborhood Association actually dates back to 1981 but St. Joseph was not designated as a historic district until 1991. Its architectural history spans the city's growth and development during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, from the Civil War to present day. Plotted between 1850-1860, this area was part of the expansion from the original 1821 Ralston Plan which terminated at North St. The district is bounded by Interstate I-65, Central Ave, Fort Wayne Ave and Pennsylvania St.
This area of the city was transitional in nature, serving as a connector between the business district (Mile Square) and the core residential areas (present day Old Northside and Fall Creek areas). There was a growing need for affordable housing for workers and so St. Joseph in the early days was heavily compromised of craft and tradesman, some who lived above their shops.
The district features strong examples of several architectural styles: Italianate, Queen Anne, Romanesque Revival, Tudor Revival, Nineteenth Century Commercial, Renaissance Revival, and Carpenter-builder. Of special note are two frame Civil War-era cottages, 215-217 E 10th Street and 238 E St. Joseph Street, and a commercial building of early 1860's construction at 926 N Alabama Street. Also of particular interest are the four sets of rowhouses along Alabama St, which are extremely rare in Indianapolis.
Many structures fell into neglect and the area was plagued by crime in the 1960s-1980s. The protective covenants that came with the historic district designation in 1991 made way for the restoration of several properties from 1993-95, many spear-headed by Indiana Landmarks. The revival of the area spurred new residential development and businesses coming to the neighborhood, resulting in the area we enjoy today.
Learn more neighborhood history and see an inventory of all the structures in the neighborhood as of the 1990s with a brief history.
Documentation supporting St. Joseph as a historic district including images of the area in the 1980s when most structures were in a serious state of neglect.
Highlights the boundaries of downtown's several historic districts.
Many original street names related to landowners at the time and as you might guess by our name, our area has some ties to the Catholic faith. The first Catholic service in Indianapolis was held in 1835. Bishop de la Haillandiére recognized Indy as a potential center for the Catholic faith and in 1847, purchased large plots of land on North Pennsylvania St with the thought that a Catholic college could be founded there. This land was given to the Fathers of Holy Cross under Father Sorin to get everything started. (The northwest corner of 9th and Alabama is called Sorin's subdivision.) However, the undertaking transferred to St. Joseph county where they established the University of Notre Dame. St. Mary and St. Joseph streets were named to recognize this sliver of history. St. Mary street was renamed to 10th Street by 1901 and so the neighborhood gets its name from St. Joseph street which remained unchanged. (Hyman's Handbook of Indianapolis, p81-82).
Originally named Pratt Street after a prominent person in the neighborhood, Julius Pratt, who resided at 569 N Pennsylvania. In 1931 city council voted to rename the street to 9th as part of a street renumbering initiative. Originally, 10th was intended to be the lowest numbered street.
Our neighborhood was partially platted by James Morrison, developer and landowner. It's why homes in this 200-block of 10th & 11th streets list "Morrison's Addition" as their subdivision. An 1887 article in the Indianapolis Journal concerning a real estate boom shares, "Morrison's addition is also a favorite, and the unsold lots are going very rapidly. The two lots sold yesterday were bought by Arthur Jordan, who paid for them $2,300." Per details above, the street was originally named St. Mary street and by 1901 it was renamed to 10th street.
Prior to the 1900s, 11th Street was named Morrison St, after the landowner/platter W.H. Morrison mentioned in the 10th Street history.
When Alexander Ralston made the plat for the town of Indianapolis in 1821, he named all but five streets (Washington, Meridian, Market, Circle, and Short) after states. If you're scratching your head, Washington didn't become a state until 1881 so that street was likely named after the President, not the state. Long story, short, there's no interesting backstory to the name of this street, except that it's named after a state. Same goes for bordering streets Delaware and Pennsylvania. Today, Alabama is the primary artery through our historic neighborhood, a favorite for cyclists and pedestrians, for its connection to the Cultural Trail.
North Delaware St used to be residential and full of stately homes. By 1941 there's evidence of massive lot clearing along Delaware for commercial use, so it's seen the most change of any street.
Fort Wayne Ave has always been heavily commercial. Fort Wayne and Central Ave followed a path previously used as a state road to the city of Fort Wayne, Allisonville & Fall Creek Free Gravel Road. St. Clair is believed to be named for Arthur St. Clair, first governor of the Northwest Territory (present day Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan & Wisconsin). There is a historical marker about him by Central Library.
It's been touched on a bit already but Rev. Edward F. Sorin, founder of the University of Notre Dame, platted Sorin's subdivision in 1850 and named St. Joseph and St. Mary streets. St. Mary was renamed to 10th street by the turn of the 20th century. As you stroll along St. Joseph, you're seeing the closest glimpse of the beginnings of the neighborhood with several structures dating to the early 1860-70s inclusive of the Israel Traub store and Bals-Wocher home at the ends of the block. Our neighborhood's name comes from this street.
Indianapolis has experienced several population booms over its history. By 1920, there was a big need to offer more housing, particularly affordable options. Pennsylvania street is the best example in our neighborhood of this shift in needs. Formerly it was lined with single-family homes. Starting in the early 1900s, families were choosing to have their family homes demolished and replaced with income-producing properties, drastically changing the landscape by the 1920s. They aimed to capitalize on the boom in apartment and multi-family housing construction in the city. The Lodge is the first example of this conversion. The Sylvania and The Cathcart (on 9th) are also examples. The Calvin I. Fletcher house is the last remaining example of the street's former life.
We are currently doing weekly emails with history details street by street. So if you don't want to wait for it to get on the site, sign up for the emails, which also include event information and monthly newsletters.
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